Pygmalian and its appropriation Essay

Texts reflect the context of the time in which they are composed as well as the culture their respective society possess. This is evident in Pygmalion, a play by George Bernard Shaw and its appropriation She’s All that, a film directed by Robert Iscove. In these two texts, the same Pygmalion myth is approached from two different viewpoints to reflect distinctly the context of the time in which each was written. Shaw, through the use of a wide range of dramatic techniques such as language, form, and setting, is able to appropriate the Pygmalion myth to reflect the values and cultural beliefs possessed by society in Victorian England. Similarly, Iscove uses cinematic techniques such as setting, dialogue and costume to appropriate the myth to reflect the casual values and cultural beliefs possessed by 20th century American society. After analysing the two texts, we are able to understand how values have been changed or maintained. Pygmalion derives its name from the famous story in Ovid’s Metamorphoses, in which Pygmalion, disgusted by the loose and shameful lives of the women of his era, decides to create a beautiful statue more perfect than any living woman, named Galatea. Pygmalion goes to the temple of the goddess Venus and prays that she give him a lover like his statue; Venus is touched by his love and brings Galatea to life. Pygmalion and Galatea marry. Shaw creates his own version of the Pygmalion myth by translating this allegory to reflect society in Victorian England. In doing so, he exposes the inadequacy of myth and of romance in several ways. For one, he deliberately twists the myth so that the play does not conclude as euphorically or conveniently, hanging instead in unusual ambiguity. Throughout the play, Shaw portrays the characters belabored by the trivial details of life like napkins and neckties, and of how one is going to find a taxi on a rainy night. These details keep the story grounded and decidedly less romantic. Society in Victorian England would not have agreed with the fairytale ideals that the Pygmalion myth implies, and so, Shaw reflects this discrepancy by questioning the values portrayed in the original myth. Robert Iscove, however, tries to reflect the values of modern day society by producing a light hearted and slapstick version of the myth. This is done by setting the play in an American high school in the early 21st century, and showing relationships between teenagers instead of adults. The ideas of love and marriage have been appropriated into high school ‘flings’ and dating. This in itself produces a lighter version of the myth as the relationships shown are not as serious. To be popular and ‘cool’, teenagers must wear the right clothes, and be seen with the right people at all times. Good grades and moral values have little to do with social acceptance. This is a huge contrast to what was shown in Pygmalion, and therefore helps the reader to understand that values have been changed due to technological advancements, media influence on adolescents and the feminist movement. One of the issues discussed in both texts is one of socioeconomic division, and this is shown through means of language (Pygmalion) and costume (She’s All that). Shaw believed that English spelling did not have much reasonable relationships to its pronunciation. This difficulty helps to perpetuate the low dialects which immediately identify the speakers as either humble ones or ones of poor education. Such dialects are an important factor in the division of people into social classes. â€Å"Every time an Englishman opens his mouth, some other Englishman despises him.† – Preface. This is shown in the first scene of the play, as Eliza (a poor flower seller) is immediately judged about her social class as soon as she speaks. THE NOTE TAKER â€Å"A woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere – no right to live. Remember that you are a human being with a soul and the divine gift of articulate speech: that your native language is the language of Shakespeare and Milton and the Bible; and don’t sit there crooning like a bilious pigeon†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pygmalion p. 27) THE NOTE TAKER â€Å"You see this creature with her kerbstone English: the English that will keep her in the gutter to the end of her days†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Pygmalion p.27) It is also evident that social class determines whom a person will date or consider marrying, and may only marry someone who is in the same social class as them. In She’s All That, Iscove uses contrasting images of costume and setting to show the social class division and various stereotypical groups present in 21st century society. Social division is portrayed in a jocular and humorous way as it is set in an American high school instead of the ‘real world’. As the movie is based on adolescents, social status is not determined by the amount of education or values a person possesses, but instead on their fashion sense or audaciousness. E.g. Laney Boggs is an intelligent, artistic and rational girl who is seen as being at the bottom of the social ladder due to her paint splattered overalls and baggy shirts, whereas Taylor, who is one of the most popular girls in high school, has only achieved this status due to her sexy appearance and brazen behavior. After comparing the two texts, it was evident that values regarding social class have dramatically changed. During the early 1900’s, language, etiquette, birth/family and wealth were what decided where a person fitted into the social ladder, whereas two hundred years later, this is no longer the case. Society in the early 21st century believed that appearances, character and social connections are what take you ‘to the top’. The two texts also explore the meaning of the ideal woman. In Pygmalion, Henry Higgins picks up Eliza Doolittle to teach her phonetics and thereby `make her into a lady.’ This shows what his idea of a real lady must be. Higgins convinces Eliza to let him transform her into a proper aristocratic lady who speaks proper English, so that she is able to fit in with the upper class. Eliza’s growth involves increasing self-realization, an evolution from a lower to a higher state of being, and an important quality that is sometimes not innately there and must be developed. Pygmalion spent great time and effort in creating his ideal woman. This gives hope to society, especially the lower classes, that one can change and succeed if they just try hard enough. Eliza Doolittle would not have questioned her morals and  boundaries set by society for a girl of no means. Hence the constant recitation of â€Å"I am a good girl, I am!† Robert Iscove also transforms the main character, Laney so that she is able to fit into a higher social class in high school and become the ideal woman, yet this is done simply by applying makeup and wearing revealing clothes and being seen to socialize with the right crowd. Iscove purposely shows a quick makeover to illustrate that late 20th century society believed that the ideal woman was not necessarily one of etiquette and intelligence, but simply one which looked good, knew the right people and was bold enough to challenge her boundaries. From the aforementioned it is clear that both texts reflect the time frame in which they were composed and provide insight into the way values have been maintained and changed. Both Bernard Shaw’s, Pygmalion and its modern appropriation by Robert Iscove, She’s All That convey the context and culture in which they were written and explore ideas of social division, the denotation of the ideal woman and debate the relevance of the Pygmalion myth in their respective societies.

How Far Do You Agree with the View That the Limited Appeal?

Mazzini was an important figurehead for the unification of Italy, historians such as Pearce and Stiles state that that ‘no one else campaigned for so long or so tirelessly in the cause of a united Italy'. He had extremely radical and liberal ideas about how Italy should be unified, and some historians Mazzini’s ideal was that Italy should be unified ‘from below’.He wanted the people of Italy to rise up from their high-powered oppressors, while still maintaining the opinion that if monarchs were prepared and wanted to fight against the Austrian domination, then they should be supported and not hindered. He wanted a ‘brotherhood of the people’ to all move toward greater social equality (Denis Mack Smith described him as having ‘contempt for xenophobia and imperialism) so that all of the people of Italy would unite in order to unify their country.Mazzini also stressed that Italy should be unified ‘by its own efforts’, wanting to avoid any outside help- especially from France- in fear that they may just replace one outside domination by another. However, the limited appeal of his ideas were shown when Italy was eventually united and done more-so from above than it was below- he was described as being ‘disgusted’ by this and criticized the new Italian unified state, describing it as a ‘dead corpse’.It could be argued that Italy could have been unified earlier under Mazzini’s watch if it had not been for how his ‘one overriding aim’ distracted from the main goal of a united Italy. It could also be argued, as Robert Pearce details, that Mazzini was ‘absent from Italy’ for such a long and extended period of him (totalling in ‘all over 40 years’) that he became ‘out of touch’ with this situation. This then caused him to over-exaggerate the ‘national identity’ of Italians.This meant that he dis-appreciated the revolut ionary potential of the peasants/ the common people, as he had little to none contact with them and knew little about them. As a result of this blindness, his further attempts to cause unification failed, an example of this is an organised mutiny within the Piedmont that then failed- but the most obvious was the failure of the planned uprising in Naples, in which Mazzini went on the assumption that the peasants were ‘a volcano about to erupt’-whereas this was not the reality of the situation.We can also see examples of his disassociation to the ‘real’ people of Italy in his political society ‘Young Italy’; despite being hailed as ‘Italy’s first real political party’, their membership was extremely limited to well educated, young, middle-class men. It was here that one of Mazzini’s major weaknesses became apparent- that as a result of his ‘complex thinking’ as well as his studies of law and medicine, his i deas became too intellectually advanced for most people to grasp and most certainly too radical for the ‘cautious, middle-class reformers’.This prevented many from joining the cause- leading to failed coups in Piedmont as well as uprisings in Naples and Savoy. His supporters described him as the ‘greatest, bravest, most heroic of Italians'. His deeply radical approach led his political enemies to accuse him of being an ‘enemy of Italy' and a ‘terrorist'. His ideas were of democracy, rights, and equality for all (he even campained for the rights of women, wanting to give them the vote).These ideas were exteremely liberal and were far from limited in the sense that they were not censored or right-wing and they inspired many to the cause. However, his ideas were unrealistic for the times (women would not get the full vote until after World War II), but it was the fact that his ideas were extremely modern and remarkably radical that converted people to Maz zini's idea of a ‘democratic, self-governing state'. This would suggest that his ideas were not limited, but appealing to the people of Italy.

Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada Research Paper - 1

Regional Transportation Commission of Southern Nevada - Research Paper Example In 50 years from now, the organization wants to accommodate the Southern Nevada region demands of the overall population. The vision shows the way the cultural and strategic organizational values will combine to create the future. The strategic and the cultural values communicate a performance target to the employees. The employees have to work hard to achieve this vision. The company vision initiates implementation strategies; this process builds on values and initiates action to accomplish the vision. The strategies cover numerous factors from developing the organization design to recruiting and training employees who share the values and who carries them out. RTC mission is to identify transportation challenges and explore and implement both short and long-term resolutions while promoting sustainability, improved mobility, air quality improvement, and increased quality of life in Southern Nevada. The mission statement impacts on organizational behavior because it encourages the em ployees and the organization to put it to work. There has to be commitment to the mission statement for the company to be successful. The company has to turn the mission statement into a reality by ensuring that the actual behaviors of the organization match with the mission statement. ... e air quality; researching and developing transit options that are fully-integrated: integrate transit system maps into the regular geographic details; securing funding for operation, expansion and maintenance of routes and systems and; increasing public awareness and support of the organization system. The company’s seeks to maintain long-term, supportive and comprehensive (3-C) transportation planning process. This ensures that transit programs and plans involve public participation and recommendations and conform to the set air quality standards. This strategy influences organizational behavior by creating a competitive environment and putting forward actions to compete successfully. It details the kind of contributions the organization intends to make to the large society. The strategy also involves all individual at all levels of the organization to ensure that there is a recognizable, consistent pattern, which yields a superior capacity over competitors up and down the f irm and across all its activities. The employees normally adopt work behaviors that are consistent with and support the organizations strategy. Strategies usually communicate the priorities that are very significant so that the organization can focus on them–these are priorities that assist the firm to make substantive advancement towards accomplishment of its mission and help the institution in rising from its current position to the place it needs to go over a period of time (Allison & Kaye, 2005). The organization runs the federally authorized planning process for the region and plans the Valley’s roadways and transit infrastructure. The organization offers mass transit that connects throughout Southern Nevada and oversees programs that encourage sustainability. The organization has a

Human Resource Information Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Human Resource Information Systems - Essay Example The Human Resource Manager has definitive roles in carrying out the administrative functions of the company. Following the recommendation from the consultancy firm for the use of HRMS software from where I work, the HR will be able to carry out its administrative functions conveniently from the office thus amounting to cost-effective business. The introduction of the HRMS software will reduce the manual work, which previously involved paperwork and travelling.PayrollThe new software to the company will enable them to automate the payroll system into a well-structured payment system. The system will be able to assemble information regarding the workers time and attendance, coming up with various deductions and taxation plan. This system will benefit the company in producing various pay cheques and taxation information within the company.Work timeThe system will provide information related to the specific time and work related parameters. The new system will further enable the restaura nt to have diverse dynamic data collection techniques, workers distribution information, and the facts analysis characteristics (Bromwich, 1999).AdministrationThe system will provide the HR manager with elaborate and cost-effective administrative methods to monitor and track the employee’s programs. These programs touch on retirement benefits, compensation, and insurance benefits to employees.The system also has talent system, which will support the recruitment of the employees in a more competitive manner (Sanchez, 2006).

( Herbert Hoover )By analyzing his times, his initiatives as President Essay

( Herbert Hoover )By analyzing his times, his initiatives as President and his record of accomplishments, argue that he either was or was not an effective President and discuss why - Essay Example He freely accepted the great depression and blamed the Americans despite 1the sufferings it brought to them. For more than three years, he refused to take any step to alleviate suffering.1 It is believed that Herbert Hoover was rightly placed, but in the wrong time. Based on his ideological beliefs, he could have performed better than his predecessors if there was no any depression. He was more committed to the active government than Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. Nevertheless, due to the beginning of the great depression, he received blames from his countrymen during his time and from the subsequent generations. In his own way, Herbert Hoover tried to alleviate the depression more than any other preceding presidents, but all his plans failed. Hoover strived to portray his success throughout his life. He was orphaned at the age of six years. He attended Stanford University and became an engineer. He also entered into the world of business, started his own business and became a multimillionaire. He served as a volunteer in food administration during the Great War. He headed a private relief campaign during the First World War; this earned him good reputation and the ticket to the presidency through the Republican Party. After rising to power, the Depression began, and Hoover’s efforts of alleviating it became unsuccessful.2 Reports show that Hoover was apparently aware of the problem; Hoover confided in William J. Abbot (Editor of Christian Science Monitor) about his fears in late 1928. He purportedly said that his campaigners had portrayed him as a superman who could handle all complicated and difficult problems. He predicted his suffering for anything wrong beyond his ability and measure to solve. People expected the impossible from Hoover; in 1932, he said that he was totally oversold.2 Despite the fallacious, undeserved, but enduring reputation, Hoover

James m. mcpherson crossroads of freedom antietam Essay

James m. mcpherson crossroads of freedom antietam - Essay Example McPherson lay out a chronological account of this battle starting with the events that prompted the war, how the battle was fought, and its aftermath. This paper seeks to explore how the battle of Antietam changed the course of America’s Civil War in accordance with McPherson views. The battle of Antietam is indeed remembered as the deadliest and bloodiest day in America’s history. However, this day also has a lot of significance in civil war since it changed the course of the war completely as pointed out by McPherson (2). This is seen right from the first chapter where McPherson lays out shifting fortunes witnessed during the early years before the conflict. Here, McPherson reveals how both the Union and Confederate and European powers were affected by the events of the first years of the battle. In this regard, McPherson Juxtaposes the success of Union forces in the early months of the conflict to Lincoln government’s poor handling of ‘Trent Affairâ€⠄¢ and failure of Union forces to conquer the Southern Army. Reflecting the failed Union efforts in the ‘Trent Affair’, McPherson argues that the failure of Confederates to use King Cotton to mount a blockage marked the turning point of the war in its early years of 1862. This is because it gave the Union soldiers the opportunity to repel the Confederate invasion of the north. In this regard, McPherson mentions the usual sources, which included Mary Boykin Chesnut, John B. Jones, Charles Francis Adams, and Elizabeth Blair Lee (McPherson 6). Chapter two of the book gives accounts of the increasing southern fortunes and the tensions that resulted thereof. McPherson titled this ‘Taking off the Kid Gloves, June-July of 1862’ (McPherson 17). In this regard, McPherson gives an account of how growing support for the views of Confederates among European powers turned the course of the battle. McPherson argues that failure of Federals to succeed increased the commit ment level of Union forces to wage a different war. This is because the failure by the Federals pointed the weakness of the confederates thereby increasing the morale of the Union forces to continue waging a strong battle, according to McPherson (19). In fact, McPherson noted that the battle of Antietam gave signs of Union’s victory in the war with many Confederate forces perishing in the war. McPherson argues that the battle of Antietam also changed the course of the war since it marked the point where the European powers began seeking for diplomatic recognition, which later resulted in a negotiated settlement leading to the recognition of independence. McPherson also argued that the victory of the Union soldiers in the battle of Antietam also changed the course of the war in the sense that it resulted to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation by President Lincoln, which changed the war into a war against slavery (McPherson 26). According to McPherson, Emancipation Pr oclamation increased the need to re-ignite Northern enthusiasm through radicalization the war. In fact, McPherson argues that the establishment of an army under Union General John Pope was a move towards a total battle on the interest of the Southern, particularly property. McPherson noted that this entirely changed the course of the civil war to war against slavery and property (McPherson 41). McPherson explains this giving an account of the events that took place in the

Dominant Ideology in British News Broadcasting Essay

Dominant Ideology in British News Broadcasting - Essay Example The answer lies between the lines that bring out the news of the war in both Britain and the US. Steven was a victim of terror - no doubts about it. But his being American was just half the story. His murder is only an attempt by a pagan enemy to a nation of soldiers and newsmongers called the US, an attempt by the people to tell the world that these men did not report the brewing of the soup as much as they cry about the murderous soup called the war on terror being served on the platters of international diplomatic circles. It was not what the press said that lead to the murder of Steven, but what the press did not say that led to his killing. Or rather does the silence of the press intend to say more than they said in words. Do the gloomy looking news readers on channels in the UK say more than they could express in words Should that really have been the scenario Did that silence warrant the murder of a promising journalist Where do we go from here They are perceived as independent commentators by the people and in many cases - such as the Iraq war, their independence has turned out to be a spook rather than truth. Independent reporting is a thing of the pastor is at least as fictitious as Jack and his Bean Stalk. What is most obvious from these reports is that it has sidelined human rights largely in countries where western armies are operating. In most cases, the despots are simply terrorists that need to be done with and in certain countries, the despots are the best available choices and friends of these nations. Press in the west has made this mistake time and again. The recent examples are President Suharto of Indonesia and his mass murder venture in East Timor which was largely underplayed by the western media. This process went on for a substantial period of fifteen years.

Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly market structures Essay - 2

Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly market structures - Essay Example In the short run the firms operating in monopolistic market can act as monopolies but in the long run the other firms enter into the market and the gains of differentiation takes the downward sloping curve with competition (Cashel-Cordo, n.d, p. 23). Oligopoly is regarded as the market structure where there are large firms operating in the market with significant barriers to entry. The oligopolists are aware of the conditions prevailing in the market as the market is dominated by only few sellers. The decision undertaken by one firm will influence the other firms operating in the market as well as the market as a whole. The decision or the responses of the market participants should be taken into account in the planning process. The prevailing competition in the market structure can give rise different outcomes. An operating firm in the oligopolistic firm can maximise the profit by operating at the level where marginal revenue is same as marginal costs. The primary differences betwee n the two types of market structures are in terms of relative size and control of the market of each firm on the basis of the number of competitors in the existing market structure. It is difficult to find clear cut evidences that cite the differences between the two market structures. Some industries can posses the characteristics of both oligopoly and monopolistic firm. With decrease in the level of competition the firms tend to behave more likely to that of oligopoly and less likely to that of monopolistic competition.

Capstone to Business Management Final Project Essay Example for Free

Capstone to Business Management Final Project Essay Executive Summary Tim’s Coffee Shoppe is located in Sunnydale, Illinois. Sunnydale is a mid-sized city with a busy business district and a large university and Tim’s is located smack dab in the middle of all the traffic. Tim’s Coffee Shoppe is in need of some much needed improvements and needs things to run more smoothly. Some of Tim’s problems were customer satisfaction, employee loyalty and marketing. The following pages have a detailed review of what Tim needs to become more successful. One of the most important things Tim needs to accomplish is a makeover of his human resource program to address employee training, thus creating better customer service as well as expanding the types of marketing he utilizes. If he follows suggestions he would have the opportunity to obtain his long term goals such as * To double revenue by the end of the current fiscal year. * To receive at least 95 percent positive customer feedback regarding the service we provide. Regulations and Management Summary The attempt is to suggest to Tim’s Coffee Shoppe’s areas of weaknesses where subtle improvement to business strategies which can bring in the much desired and needed revenues and increase customer traffic. It is also an attempt to provide cost effective products through a change in supply and logistics for Tim’s Coffee Shoppe. The market segmentation is also to be altered to expand his customer base. Action Items The vision statement chosen is: â€Å"To ensure that each guest receives prompt, professional, friendly and courteous service. To maintain a clean, comfortable and well maintained premises for our guests and staff. To provide at a fair price nutritional, well-prepared beverages and foods-  using only quality ingredients. To ensure that all guests and staff are treated with the dignity and respect they deserve. To thank each guest for the opportunity to serve them. By maintaining these goals we shall be guaranteed a fair profit that will allow us to contribute to the community we serve† (Missionstatements.com, 2013). There are various things Tim could do to help achieve living up to this vision for his business. The following are Short Term Goals which would be actions that should ideally be completed within the next three months. * Spend the next month analyzing the competition and brainstorm on what they don’t offer that we do or can offer. * Choose one or two high-profile local charity events to sponsor * Redesign the customer service research process to include new questionnaires and incentives, such as monthly drawings for free products or discounts on future purchases for customers who take the time to respond. (Williams, 2013) The next few items are actions that would be Long Term Goals which should be completed by the end of the business’ fiscal year. * To build the companys name recognition within the community through community outreach projects (Williams, 2013) What else could Tim do to help achieve these very important goals? * Create actionable steps within committees to break down workload * Be positive and energetic * Decide how you are going to measure your success and keep track of it at regular intervals. * If your company is achieving its goals, be sure to recognize employees that helped. (Slutsky, 2013) HR Analysis Summary Human resources help the business in many ways. However, Tim has not been taking full advantage of this valuable tool. â€Å"While human resources handle many of the matters pertaining to the employees of a company, such as recruiting and benefits management, they also work with management to help develop long-term strategies for the growth and development of a company. HR departments often act as a middleman between employees and management and should be where employees go for basic company information† (Christensen, 2013). According to the files in Tim’s office most of his employees are  valuable assets. Employees are a critical component of any business. Successfully managing the human resource aspect of business can be important, even for very small businesses such as Tim’s Coffee Shoppe. After all, in a service economy, employees are part of the delivery of the product and service. Their performance, commitment and loyalty to the job are critical and can be boosted through successful HR management. However, there are a few that need coaching to achieve higher customer service and company loyalty standards, such as Darryl. The files also need to be better organized to achieve higher efficiency. It can become the single largest consumer of your time and energy if you dont know how to handle things well. And, its still a big consumer of your time and energy, even if youre adept at handling such things. Action Items There are numerous actions Tim should take to help this area of his business run more smoothly and effectively. These include; to have a staffing plan, find good employees, how to screen potential candidates, conduct personal interviews and the actual hiring process and most important of all, retaining the valuable employees and evaluating their performance as well as maintaining high standards. There are several steps to follow to help stay organized and achieve a highly valuable staff. The following are actions to take to maintain and educate the staff Tim already has. * Put together a human resource guideline handbook that states what policies and procedures you will and expect the employees to follow. This handbook should address issues such as: * at will employment * compensation * perquisites and bonuses * performance reviews * lay offs * terminations * conflicts of interest * disciplinary process * vacation time * sick time * family time * leave of absence * employee behavior * â€Å"To retain employees, your human resource management philosophy should be to eliminate things that push employees out. It should also, within reason, provide a number of things that keep pulling employees into the organization. Both approaches should be successful in retaining good employees as they both counteract the pulls from outside organizations† (Sensible Small Business Ideas, 2013). Some employees will lose interest and need something new to keep their interest in your company. It might be necessary to provide challenges, opportunities for advancement and other rewards. * It is important to remember that everyone including yourself, the owner, is a team. Everyone needs to be quietly evaluated on their performance and their pay should reflect that. Make sure to recognize high performing employees to upkeep their motivation to better your company and take the time to coach your lower performing employees. Also make sure they all know you are there to support and help them with any issues that they come across. Marketing Analysis Summary The competitive environment, also known as the market structure, is the dynamic system in which your business competes (Mack, 2013). It is the part a company’s external environment that consists of other organizations trying to secure clientele in the same market. It is the part of the trade that includes all immediate rivals. Tim has not effectively advertised his coffee shop. He has signage in the office that is not being put to use and the only sign that is noticed in the coffee shop is the Buy 10, Get 1 Free. Also, I believe that Tim heavily relies on his location of being near the university, bus stop and business district to attract customers. It may work well but there is always more that he could do to take his business from being good to booming. Some possibly effective marketing ideas to promote Tim’s Coffee Shoppe might be: * To create a website- Even if it  is just 1-3 pages of general information, it’s better than nothing. Blog sites are best because Tim would be able to easily update. * Neighborhood Marketing- Take advantage of areas that are outdoors like billboards, bus-stops, park benches†¦ anywhere that potential customers might frequent. Also, partner up with other small businesses and exchange flyers to pass out to customers. * Social Sites- Facebook and Twitter * Use Guerilla Marketing tactics- Go pass out coupons at malls, pass out fliers at the college, etc. Take samples of coffee and pastries to churches or community centers. Get reviewers to come in and write an article about the coffee shop. * Celebrate holidays or create a family day with free drinks for kids under a certain age. * Educate your customers- Host a seminar on the use of coffee or on different brewing methods. Have a â€Å"Coffee of the Month† where you can educate on the origin country of the coffee. (Reynolds, 2013) The majority of Tim’s Coffee Shoppe’s customers are the university’s students and also business professionals stopping by on their lunch breaks. A lot of the customers have filled out satisfaction surveys. This is a great tool and lets Tim know what they are doing right or wrong and what they need to improve on to make their business more successful and profitable. Especially when there is space for the consumer to fill in their own suggestion or comment, such as the survey at Tim’s which stated â€Å"I just love Tim’s. I love the special attention, atmosphere and a coffee shop that isn’t a chain for once.† This shows Tim that the customer is extremely pleased and he should be proud of his product and staff. However, the surveys can also show Tim where his business needs to improve to keep people coming back, such as the comment â€Å"The morning staff is RUDE† or â€Å"The coffee always tastes burnt. Don’t know why I come back†. This shows the Tim where there is opportunity for improvement. By making customer satisfaction surveys available, this is another tool they can utilize by taking suggestions to make their company better than the competition. Taking these suggestions and considering them an opportunity to improve will attract more customers to come back as well as giving Tim and his employees a goal to work towards and achieve. Action Items Creating a SWOT analysis identifying the good, bad and potential ugly for your business is essential before moving forward. Strengths: Tim needs to stand out from the rest of his competition. One strong strength would be his location. Being close to the university, Business Park and bus stop is a prime location to attract business. Weaknesses: Weaknesses noted on the marketing surveys are rude staff, old cash registers which make customers order incorrect, cramped seating, slow service, not taking debit cards and so on. Opportunities: Some opportunities for Tim’s might include a coffee of the month club, or adding more items to the menu. Threats: Some of the threats might be, of course, Queequeg’s and even the campus coffee machine. Economic Environment/Finance and Accounting/Financial Statements Summary Looking at the economic situation at Tim’s Coffee Shoppe it is decent but could definitely be better. To have a strong and successful business, you need to have a clear understanding of the financial impact that your most business decisions may have. Tim is expecting an increase in sales volume due to several large businesses moving into the area around the coffee shop. With more traffic going by the coffee shop, one would expect an increase in customers which would mean an increase in income for Tim. Virtually all of your businesss costs will fall, more or less neatly, into one of two categories: variable costs and fixed costs. Variable costs are costs which increase directly in proportion to the level of sales in dollars or units sold† (BizFilings, 2012). Variable expenses for the coffee shop would be some examples would be cost of goods sold, costs of supplies, and salaries of the employees. Action Items The total expenses will increase if the sales volume will increase due the variable expenses increasing. The companys total costs are a combination of the fixed and variable costs. â€Å"Assuming your sales exceed your variable costs, each additional unit of sales volume increases your gross profits and  your net income. If you can lower your costs without impacting revenue and maintain the same sales volume, your profits will go up† (Kokemuller, 2013). This means if Tim’s profits increase so does his net income. â€Å"It is very important for small business owners to understand how their various costs respond to changes in the volume of goods or services produced. The breakdown of a companys underlying expenses determines the profitable price level for its products or services, as well as many aspects of its overall business strategy† (Inc.com, 2013). The salaries of the employees will increase due to the fact Tim will have to hire more employees or increase the hours of existing employees to accommodate the additional customer base. The cost of supplies and goods sold will increase with the more customers and products sold. Fixed cost will remain the same regardless of the level of sales. These expenses would include Tim’s rent, depreciation, the lease on the refrigerator, taxes and insurance. Problem Solving/Recommendations Summary There are several things Tim could do to improve his coffee shop, especially to get it to become more marketable for him to sell. The following are good recommendations to start with: * Redesign the customer service research process to include new questionnaires and incentives, such as monthly drawings for free products or discounts on future purchases for customers who take the time to respond. * Create actionable steps within committees to break down workload * Put together a human resource guideline handbook that states what policies and procedures you will and expect the employees to follow * Expand advertising to other venues * More employee training and recognition References Associates Capstone in Management. (2012). Retrieved from Tims Coffee Shoppe simulation: http://extmedia.kaplan.edu.edgesuite.net/buness/AB299/Tims_Coffee_Shop/index.html BizFilings. (2012). Business Decisions and Finances: Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis. Retrieved June 24, 2013, from

The disabled children Essay Example for Free

The disabled children Essay The truth is that inclusion, as a system has gained nationwide attention in the last thirty years. Inclusion advocates, such as The Association of Persons with Severe Handicaps, argue that all disabled children should be included. The National Council on Disability recently stated that most students with sensory impairment should be taught in regular classrooms (Special Education Report, 1993). At the very least deaf children education programs contemplating inclusion (IEP) must consider the following issues(U.S. Department of Education, 1992): communication needs and the childs preferred mode of communication; linguistic needs; severity of hearing loss and potential for using residual hearing; academic level; social, emotional, and cultural needs, including opportunity for peer interactions and communication. According to Irene Leigh, a deaf psychologist, the concept of inclusion is positive and useful for many children with disabilities, but a generalized application which does not take into consideration the special individual characteristics and needs mentioned above might have serious psychosocial repercussions for a considerable number of children and adolescents with hearing problems.(Leigh 73) One of the benefits inclusion brings is the opportunity for the student who is deaf to live at home. Deaf students who attend a special school that is beyond commuting distance must live at the school during the week. Students in an inclusion placement in their local school are able to be with their families during the week and the proximity to the area where they live provides opportunities to develop neighborhood friends. Daily association with hearing students in an inclusion setting also helps students who are deaf to develop their ability to communicate with hearing people, leading to skills they will need in later years. The study carried out by professor John Luckner, in the division of Special Education of the University of   Northern Colorado, identified  successful students who were deaf or hard of hearing and were receiving education in general education settings in order to examine the   factors contributing to their success. Students acknowledged five main factors: their own effort and perseverance, the support from their families, the high standards their school friends set for them, the use of a variety of equipment to socialize as well as to learn (FM systems, hearing aids, text telephones, computers and close captioning) and sports which were not only enjoyable from the socializing point of view but very useful as a way of learning life skills. Dr. Ann T. Halvorsen, Professor of Special Education assures that â€Å"Inclusive settings provide far more variety in activities, and stimuli are not so easily controlled.   The pace of a general education classroom is typically faster and more spontaneous.   Ensuring that students have the opportunity to practice skills sufficiently in such a dynamic environment is critical† (100). Inclusion also provides good opportunities for learning the standards of the hearing world. Students who are deaf and attend schools for children who hear may be able to master the norms of hearing society better than those who are immersed in the culture of a special school for students who are deaf. It’s important to take into account that the education of deaf children needs and benefits from the inclusion of deaf adults at all stages. In fact, some years ago, many children in integrated settings did not even realize adults existed. Harris Sterling wrote about some children who thought they would become hearing when they became adults, others thought they would die or just fade away somehow since they had never had an adult role model (cited in Stone 1994). The subject of the adult role model is a very important one. It is essential that the schools make every effort to attract adult people into the school system. But they must be careful not to employ them only as aides or assistants because children will notice that the deaf person is always in a lower status position than the hearing teacher. It is really positive for children to see deaf and hearing professionals sharing power and making decisions together, this avoids the feeling that they will grow up to be forever told what to do by hearing people in the hearing world (Stone 66). Another advantage of inclusion is the possibility deaf or hard of hearing students have to choose an academic or vocational program that suits them from a wider range of choices in their home school district than in their nearest special school. Although states differ in policy and practice, there is a model for broad programming that reaches beyond state borders. The National Agenda for Moving Forward on Achieving Educational Equality for Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students (2005) offers a set of priorities designed to narrow the gap between deaf and hearing students based on the belief that communication access is a fundamental human right and that every deaf and hard of hearing child must have full access to all educational services. The goals of the National Agenda consider inclusion as a good option for deaf or hard of hearing students only when it constitutes the â€Å"least restrictive environment† for them, once each individual case has been evaluated and the best placement options have been considered. Deaf and hard of hearing students should count on placement options that provide for their language and communication needs. What constitutes the â€Å"least restrictive environment† (LRE) for deaf and hard of hearing students must be determined by considering their communication and linguistic needs as well as their educational, social, emotional, cognitive, and physical abilities and needs. For some deaf and hard of hearing children, a special school is truly â€Å"least restrictive,† just as for others a regular classroom is LRE. In either case, the child’s needs, not a generic concept of LRE, must determine what is truly LRE for each individual child. According to the National Agenda, deaf and hard of hearing children are entitled to access the general curriculum. Too often the concept of â€Å"general curriculum† is confused with â€Å"least restrictive environment† or with placement in a regular classroom. The two concepts are separate and distinct. Every deaf and hard of hearing child, whether in a regular classroom or a special school or program for the deaf, should have full access to the general curriculum as consistent with his or her needs. The National Agendas success in bringing attention to the need to achieve these goals has occurred as a result of the shared roles, responsibilities and commitments of professionals, parents, and consumers throughout the United States. Inclusive education was initially seen as a special education service, but the focus is now on creating inclusive schools which unify resources and integrate programs in such a way that all students in the general education classroom are benefited. Unlike integrated or mainstreamed students, students who receive inclusive education are members of the general education classroom community. According to Halvorsen Neary :â€Å"the single most identifiable characteristic of inclusive education is membership. Students who happen to have disabilities are seen first as kids who are a natural  part of the school and the age-appropriate general education classroom they   attend†(3)   Acceptance that the deaf students have social and educational skills and motives similar to those of their hearing partners may greatly stimulate the hearing majority to  develop a willingness to learn about deaf language and culture. Inclusion as equals can not be possible for deaf and hard of hearing students if it is only them who have to make all the accommodations (Connor 2006). The whole general education community as well as society will benefit from inclusion, if the concept is applied conscientiously. Inclusion provides opportunities to experience diversity of society on a small scale in a classroom, develops an appreciation that everyone has unique characteristics and abilities, develops respect for others with diverse characteristics, develops sensitivity toward others limitations, develops empathetic skills, helps teachers recognize that all students have strengths, increases ways of creatively addressing challenges, develops teamwork and collaborative problem solving skills, promotes the civil rights of all individuals and supports the social value of equality. The word inclusion for deaf and hard of hearing students cannot be seen simply as a placement decision. It must refer to a philosophy which maximizes the child’s abilities and potential, facilitates communication with others, permits the child to act as a full participant in his education and promotes the development of positive self-esteem. To be included, a child must feel included. Any program or school which calls itself inclusive must meet these criteria. References Connor, M.J. (2006) Mainstream Inclusion of Deaf Children and Young People.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Principles and Tensions. Retrieved March 2009 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.sersen.uk.net/docs/deaf-inclusion.doc Halvorsen, A.T. Neary, T. (2001).   Building inclusive schools: Tools and strategies   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   for success.   Boston: Allyn Bacon, 3 Leigh, I.W (1994) Psychosocial Implications of Full Inclusion for Deaf Children and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Adolescents. Implications and Complications for Deaf Students of the Full   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Inclusion Movement, 94-2, 73 . Retrieved March 2009 from http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2sql/content_storage_01/0000019b/80/13/c5/05.pdf The National Agenda Steering and Advisory Committees.(2005). The National Agenda   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   for Moving Forward on Achieving Educational Equality for Deaf and Hard of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hearing Students. Retrieved March 2009 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.tsd.state.tx.us/outreach/pdf/national_agenda.pdf Nowell, R. Innes, J. (1997) Educating Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing:

Reflective assessment on health and well-being

Reflective assessment on health and well-being References Care Council for Wales (CCW) (2002). The Code of Practice for Social Care Workers. Cardiff: Care Council for Wales. Care Council for Wales (CCW) (2003). National Occupational Standards for Social Work. Cardiff: Care Council for Wales. Douglas, T. (1978). Basic Group Work. London: Routledge Department of Health (DoH, 1998). Partnership in Action: New opportunities for jointworking between health and social services –A discussion document. London: Department of Health Healy, K. (2005). Social Work Theories in context: Creating frameworks for Practice. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Johnsson, E. Svensson, K. (2005). Theory in social work – some reflections on understanding and explaining interventions. British Journal of Social Work. Vol 8 (4) pp. 419-433. Maclean, S. Harrison, R. (2008) Social Work Theory A straightforward Guide for Practice Assessors and Placement Supervisors. Staffordshire: Kirwin Maclean associates Ltd. Payne, M. (2000,a). Team Work in Multi-Professional Care. Basingstoke: MacMillan. Payne, M. (2005,b). Modern Social Work Theory 3rd Edition. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan Vigars et al. (2008). Faculty of Health and Social Care: Aids of Practice Cards. The Open University. West Turner (2009) Understanding interpersonal Communication 3rd edition. USA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Wright, S, et al. (2012). Evaluation of Early Parental Intervention Pilot Project. XXXXX. Welsh Assembly Government. Retrieved from: http://www.scie-socialcareonline.org.uk/profile.asp?guid=13a77ca2-2f61-4dbc-a8b0-368ff694ffe1 [Accessed 23/10/2012]. Lindsey, T. Orton, S. (2008). Group work Practice in Social Work: Transforming Social Work Practice. Exeter: Learning Matters Lang (1981) .Welsh Government. (2010). Fulfilled Lives Supportive Communities. Cardiff: Welsh Government Welsh Government (2013) Stats Wales. Persons with learning disabilities by LA, service and age range. Retrieved 27/04/2014 from https://statswales.wales.gov.uk/Catalogue/Health-and-Social-Care/Social-Services/Disability-Registers/PersonsWithLearningDisabilities-by-LocalAuthority-Service-AgeRange

Leadership in Remember the Titans Essay -- Movie Film Football

Remember the Titans In the movie ‘Remember the Titans’, there are many management concepts covered throughout the movie and he is the agent in the movie. The players on the Titans are the targets of the influence. ‘Remember the Titans’ is the perfect movie for Exam 3. It covers many topics that were on the exam, and this class has given me a different way of looking at the movie. I have seen the movie many times, but I never looked at it from a management perspective. It now makes sense to me to look at a football team, or any other type of sports team, from a management point of view. Coach Herman Boone, who is played by Denzel Washington, is a very influential person. He is a perfect leader. While it cannot be found out for sure, Coach Boone can be classified under the trait theory of management, that â€Å"Leaders are Born†. The type of leadership he displays cannot be taught, he is able to bring together two different types of groups to act as one, to respect each other and play together. He shows power in the movie, he has a large capacity to influence others. Using his power, he gets the players to conform and forget how others think they are supposed to act towards each other. The goal specificity is also clear in the movie. Coach Boone expects his team to be ‘perfect’, he expects them to win the Virginia State Championship. Former head coach and now assistant coach Bill Yoast, played by Will Patton, is also a very influential person and good leader. He is in charge...

Superbowl Story :: essays research papers

HERE BEGINS THE BOOK OF THE TALES OF THE SUPER BOWL: When the frigid air of January has blanketed every treetop and house alike with its gentle frost; when birds, squirrels, and the like are nowhere to be found close to home- then folks long to go on trips to temperate sites; and especially from every corner of the States they travel to Pasadena every few years, to watch The Super Bowl there; the finals for the great football season which has entertained them the past few months.One day in that season when I went to Landesman Travel in Teaneck, ready to reserve a seat on an airline for Pasadena no matter what it took, I saw a sign for a special offer, half the price of what I had planned on spending, for a private jet to The Super Bowl; first seven people served. As I inquired, I discovered that I was the seventh and final person. We were to meet at terminal 76B at Newark Airport one half hour before scheduled take-off, 6:30 A.M. Super Bowl Sunday, to check the luggage and make acqu aintances for the ride, which I am going to tell you about. But, nevertheless, while I have time and space, before I go farther in this account, it seems reasonable to tell you all about each of the passengers, as they appeared to me; who they were, and of what social status, and also what sort of clothes they wore. And I shall begin with the Sports Doctor.There was among us a Sports Doctor who was a great follower of the Hippocratic oath, never neglecting any player who believed he was in need. He had preformed admirably in the Giants' struggle for success, during which he had traveled near and far by their side, keeping the team in greatest health. Even in this time off of his, he wishes to be close by their side, front row by the Giants bench, giving his support, only morally not physically. He owns two foreign sports cars( how appropriate for his occupation) and his dress is most informal for a practicing doctor, just a buttoned down shirt and slacks.Next was an Electrician, who worked quite diligently all week long and would help his neighbor no matter what hour of day. But if it would happen that any person in distress would require his assistance during the three tense hours of Giants football a week, on Sunday or even Monday night, he would apologetically decline and offer his service at the end of the game.

Hat Task Essay

The population as of 2011 was totaled to 608,453. The majority of this population consisted of people between the ages of 15 and 44 years old. Kent County consist of mostly white persons at 83. 8%. The next larges group consists of African Americans at 10. 3% and Hispanics at 9. 9%. The median household income is $50,801, with 14. 8% of the population being listed below poverty level. The unemployment rate is at 8. 52% (2011, US Census Bureau). It is reported by adults that 13. 6% have not accessed healthcare within the past 12 months. 10. % of adults reported they have no healthcare coverage. It was also discovered that the county only has 29% of what is needed in the dental care community(2011, Michigan Department of Community Health). The second assessment piece is labeled cultural assessment. Once again this was information I collected on a County level. In Kent County there are slightly more females than males, 51% versus 49% respectively. The populations consists predominately of white Christians, while the subgroup is Roman Catholics (2011, Kent County Health Department). Obesity was noted to be on the rise due to lack of physical activity and inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption. More specifically 31. 3% of adults are obese, and Michigan as a whole is the 5th most obese state in the US. 19. 7% of adults reported adequate physical activity with 23. 6% stating they lived a sedentary lifestyle within the past month, and 17. 8% report they consume fruits and vegetables at least 5 times a day (2011, Michigan Department of Health). African Americans voiced distrust among healthcare providers however they did support and agree for a universal healthcare system. Hispanics voiced concern for the lack of translation services due to language barriers and issues surrounding documented legal status and the difficulty this poses to accessing healthcare (2009, Michigan Department of Health). I discovered that in the area there are over 50 parks with various indoor and outdoor activities for all to enjoy. The third assessment piece is entitled neighborhood and community safety. This information was obtained from local agencies. I noted the Health Department and local hospitals are very involved in providing health services, education, and discussions for the community free of charge. The air quality for Kent County is considered poor. We have had at least 7 air pollution days per year due to fine particulate matter and ozone. The water quality in the last 5 years has been excellent. 0. 09% of public water supplies exceeded contamination levels during this time frame (2011, Kent County Health Department). The wild life in the area can cause a potential for disease, and the many surrounding lakes, rivers and streams can cause a potential for drowning. Due to the location of Kent County we risk potential severe weather events. The violent crime rate in the area was 0. 4% significantly lower than the national average. It was also noted that the local police and fire response is at or exceeds standards (2013, Kent County Sheriffs Department). The fourth assessment piece is the disaster assessment and planning status. This information was gathered on a City and County level. The disaster command is headed by the Office of Emergency Management and Homeland Security loca ted in Grand Rapids. They included the requirements of National Response Plan and NIMS. I discovered they are following all federal regulations by the Department of Homeland Security. 3 County, and other regional collaborations were noted in the planning. The Kent County area is at risk most for these natural disasters; severe winter weather, thunderstorms, tornados, riverine flood, and urban flood. The are is at risk most for these other disasters; electrical failures, communication failure, intentional acts, transportation accidents, and hazardous material. The city and county provide public education through CERT classes, brochures, and coordination with school districts to relay safety information at a young age (2011, Kent County Health Department). From the information obtained above I believe that Kent County Michigan is an overall healthy community. Areas for improvement would be to increase the access to dental care and healthcare for at risk and poor underserved families, to decrease the prevalence of obesity and ensure access to healthful foods, and to establish a plan to deal with language barriers for other populations living within West Michigan. This information that I have obtained and explained above is listed below in my community genogram. The genogram highlights the pertinent information in an easy to view graph with each assessment topic listed. It discusses once again the community as a whole from population and economic status, to the cultural assessment, to the neighborhood and community safety to lastly disaster assessment and planning. It provides an overview of the community as a whole, strengths and weaknesses. The community assessment is how I feel the community is and the areas that are at risk or I feel can be improved upon. Resources: 1. ) 2011. Kent County Michigan. US Census Bureau. Retrieved from http://www. uickfacts. census. gov/qfd/states/26/26081. html 2. 2013. Kent County Michigan. Kent County Health Department. Retrieved from http://www. accesskent. com/emergencymanagement. html 3. 2011. Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Survey. Michigan Department of Community Health. Retrieved from http://www. michigan. gov/brfs 4. 2009. Community Conversation Executive Summary. Michigan Department of Community He alth. Retrieved from http://www. michigan. gov/minorityhealth 5. 2013. Kent County Sheriffs Department. Retrieved from http://www. accesskent. com/lawenforcement/sherrif_emergency. htm

Project Report for Dairy Farms

PROJECT REPORT FOR DAIRY FARM WITH FOUR CROSS-BRED /INDIGENOUS DESCRIPTIVE DAIRY BREED COWS   Dairy farming is a profitable business. It provides an excellent opportunity for self employment of unemployed youth. It  Ã‚   is also an important source of income generation to small/marginal farmers and agricultural labourers. India is the largest milk producer of the world. The demand of milk & milk product is increasing rapidly There is immense scope of dairy farming in our country. The increasing cost of feed ingredients and its seasonal variability   can be reduced by undertaking fodder cultivation.Before starting a dairy farm the entrepreneurs/ farmers are advised to under go  Ã‚  Ã‚  training on dairy farming. They must check the following points before starting a dairy farm. 1. Availability of good quality dairy breed cows  Ã‚  in nearby livestock market 2. Nearness of the Farm to  Ã‚  Veterinary Hospital, Artificial Insemination Center/livestock Aid Centers, MPCS 3. Ma rketing facility of milk and milk product in non MPCS area 4. Availability of concentrates ,fodder & medicine in that locality. This project report is based on following assumption:- 1.Freshly calved crossbred/indigenous descriptive  Ã‚  (dairy Breed)cows in 1st or 2nd lactation will be purchased in two batches of  Ã‚  two  Ã‚  animals each at an interval of 5 to 6 months. 2. Availability of 0. 75 to 1(one)  Ã‚  acre of irrigated land is prerequisite for the project, in absence of irrigated land provision of well and pump set has to be included in the project report. 3. Cost of labour has not been taken into consideration since full time labour is not required for the small unit. Family labour will be utilized for maintenance of the dairy farm. 4. Cow dung produced will be utilized as Manure for fodder cultivation. . Cost of rearing calves not considered as it will be repealed by their sale 6. In case of death of cow new cow will be purchased from insurance claim money.  ·   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The scheme will be successful on the above guidelines if run by the dairy farmer on scientific lines. Housing for cows Floor  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ it should be Pucca, smooth strong concrete cemented, impervious to moisture ,and have slope 1 in 60 towards gutter. Plinth should be 2ft. higher than ground. Walls-3ft. high lengthwise brick or wall on sides, End wall should be solid made of bricks. Roof–  Ã‚  it should be 14-16ft. igh at the center and 8-9 ft. high on the side wall . there should be  Ã‚  hang over 3ft  Ã‚  beyond wall to prevent rain water  Ã‚  entering cow shade. Roof may be of asbestos,  or tile. thatched  Ã‚  roof can replace asbestos in low cost housing. Techno economic parameters|   | Type of Animal| CB Jersey CowOr indigenous descriptiveMilch breed| No. of Animals| 4| Cost of Animal (Rs. /animal) including transportation| 27000/cow| Average Milk Yield (litre/day)| 10| Floor space (sqft) per adult animal| 40| Floor spac e (sqft) per calf| 20| Cost of construction per sqft (Rs. )| 200| Cost of equipment per animal (Rs. | 1000| Cost of fodder cultivation (Rs. /acre/season)| 5000| Insurance premium (% per annum)| 5| Veterinary aid/animal/ year (Rs. )| 750| Cost of concentrate feed (Rs. /kg)| 12| Cost of dry fodder (Rs. /kg)| 1| Rate of interest (%)| 12| Repayment period (years)| 6| Selling price of milk/litre (Rs. /kg)| 21| Sale price of gunny bags (Rs. per bag)| 10| Lactation days| 280| Dry days| 150| DAILY FEEDING AND COST CHART FOR DAIRY COWS  | Item| FEEDING STUFF| COST/KGRs. | During lactation period| During dry period| | | | Quantity (kg)| Cost (Rs. )| Quantity (kg)| Cost (Rs. | i| Concentrate feed| 12| 3. 5| 42| 1| 13| ii| Green fodder| 1| 20| Home grown| 12| Home grown| iii| Dry fodder| 2| 5. 5| 11| 5| 10| | Total|   |   | 53|   | 22| Lactation chart/Dry chart| Sr. No| Particulars|   |   | Years|   |   | | |   | I| II| III| IV| V| Vi| i)| Lactation Days| |   |   |   | à ‚  |   | a)| First batch| 500| 560| 500| 420| 420| 500| b)| Second batch| 360| 420| 420| 420| 420| 420| | Total| 860| 980| 920| 840| 840| 920| ii)| Dry Days|   |   |   |   |   |   | a)| First batch| 220| 160| 220| 300| 300| 220| b)| Second batch| -| 300| 300| 300| 300| 300| | Total| 220| 460| 520| 600| 600| 520| Project cost and bank loan| Cost. In Rs. | I. | Capital cost|   |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  II. | Cow shed for 4 cows 40sq. ft/cow @200/sqft  | 32000|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  III. | Calf pen for 4 calves 20 sq. ft. /calf @200/sq. ft. | 16000|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  IV. | Cost of 2 CB cows with minimum average 10 liter milk  Ã‚  yield /day @27000 with transportation| 108000|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  V. | Cost of one chaff cutter hand operated| 10000|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VI. | Cost of dairy appliances @ 1000/cow| 4000|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VII. | Cost of electrification of dairy farm with two electric fans| 10000|   | Tota l| 18000| Recurring cost to be capitalized| 1. Cost of feed for first batch of  Ã‚  one cows for one month as  per feed chart| 3180| 1. | Cost of insurance  Ã‚  2 animals @5% of animal cost| 5400| 1. | Cost of fodder cultivation in one  Ã‚  acres of land| 10000| 1. | Cost of medicine vaccine, electricity for the first  Ã‚  cow| 1500| 1. | Total recurring expenditure| 20080  | 1. | TOTAL PROJECT COST  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Say| 200080200000| 1. | Margin money 10% of project cost| 20000| 1. | Bank loan 90% of project cost| 180000| Item| Particulars| . Project period|   | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 1. | Feeding during lactation per iod vide yearly lactation days and feed cost as per chart| 45580| 51940| 48760| 44520| 44520| 48760| 1. | Feeding during dry period vide dry days and feed cost as per feed chart enclosed| 4840| 10120| 11440| 13200| 13200| 11440| 1. | Medicine vaccine veterinary aid| 3000| 3000| 3000| 3000| 3000| 3000| 1. | Insurance @5% of animal cost /year| 5400| 5400| 5400| 5400| 5400| 5400| 1. | Cost of fodder cultivation| 10000| 10000| 10000| 10000| 10000| 10000| 1. | other miscellaneous expenditure| 2000| 2000| 2000| 2000| 2000| 2000| 1. Total| 70820| 82460| 80600| 78120| 78120| 80600|   | INCOME|   |   |   |   |   |   | I. | Sale  Ã‚  of milk @Rs. 21/liter during lactation days with average milk yield /10  Ã‚  liter/day| 180600| 205800| 193200| 176400| 176400| 193200|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  II. | Sale of gunny bags| 640| 780| 740| 700| 700| 740|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  III. | Manure will be utilized in own farm|   |   |   |   |   |   |   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  IV. | Value of closing stock of 3cows(Depreciation on animal cost @10%/year)|   |   |   |   |   | 43200|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  V. | Value of building(Depreciation on [email  protected]%/year)|   |   |   |   |   | 19200|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VI. Value of equipments(Depreciation on equipments @15%/year)|   |   |   |   |   | 2400|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VII. | Total income| 181240| 206580| 193940| 177100| 177100| 258740|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  VIII. | Gross profit| 110420| 124120| 113340| 98980| 98980| 178140|   | 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| Capital Costs| 180000|   |   |   |   |   | Recurring Cost| 70820| 82460| 80600| 78120| 78120| 80600| Total Costs| 250820| 82460| 80600| 78120| 78120| 80600| Benefit| 181240| 206580| 193940| 177100| 177100| 258740| Net Benefit| -69580| 124120| 113340| 98980| 98980| 178140| PW Costs @ 15%| 451802. 8| PW Benefits @ 15%| 742490. 80| NPW| 290688. 62| B. C. Ratio| 1. 64:1| | | I. R. R. (%)| >25%| Year| Loan Outstanding| Gross Surplus| Interest| Principal| Total Repayment| Surplus| 1| 180000| 110420| 21600| 20000| 41600| 68820| 2| 16000| 124120| 19200| 40000| 59200| 64920| 3| 120000| 113340| 14400| 30000| 44400| 68940| 4| 90000| 98980| 10800| 30000| 40800| 58180| 5| 60000| 98980| 7200| 30000| 37200| 61780| 6| 30000| 178140| 3798| 30000| 33798| 144342| |

Attitude Of Young Adults Towards Drinking Milk In Pkaitsan Essay

Relatively small quantities of milk can provide a significant proportion of daily nutrient requirements for all age groups making it nutrient rich relative to its energy content. In addition to its contribution to nutrient intake, increased milk consumption has also been linked to reducing the risk of numerous health problems such as osteoporosis, cancer, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and obesity. Milk therefore makes a significant contribution to the human diet through provision of the macro-nutrients, vitamins and minerals. An analysis shows that young adulthood, 68% of females and 53% of males had calcium intakes lower than the recommended level of 1,000 mg/day. Milk in urban areas is accessible to common consumers in two ways: loose, unprocessed milk and packed, processed milk. Each has its own price regimen. Unprocessed milk passes through the middle persons before it reaches the urban retailer. Dairy companies are also part of the marketing structure. Small local companies have milk supply contracts with ‘dodhees’. Agriculture is the largest sector of the Pakistani economy, contributing 23 percent to the GDP and involving 42 percent of the total labor force. Livestock is the largest of the various agriculture sub sectors. Milk is the largest commodity from the livestock sector accounting for 51 percent of the total value of the sector. The farm gate value of milk is estimated to be more than Rs. 390 billion. Pakistan is the third largest producer of milk in the world with a total production of 28 billion liter of milk a year, whose value is more than that of the combined value of wheat and cotton, from a total herd size of 27 million. Milk contains ingredients necessary for the growth and maintenance of human body- proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Milk and milk products form a significant part of the diet in many countries and a substantial part of food expenditure goes on milk and dairy products. In the quest for national food sufficiency, researchers in Pakistan have focused almost exclusively on production related disciplines and have overlooked the important allied areas of quality and yield. Quality it seems has consequently become the most forgotten aspect in almost all stages of food production, processing, distribution and consumption. This research attempts to study consumers’ attitude of young adults toward drinking milk and further to devise strategies that how the attitude of consumer could be changed or formed to incite them to drink more milk , research will be followed with theory of reasoned action model (TRA) , defined as to determine consumer beliefs associated with the consumption and drinking of milk and subjective norms (reference group importance ) and motivation to comply evaluation for milk consumption attitude. PROBLEM STATEMENT: To measure the attitude of young adults towards drinking milk. LITERATURE REVIEW: Theory of Reasoned Action Model: Theories are used to try to understand and predict how and why people change their unhealthy behaviors to healthier ones. The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA that focuses on a person’s intention to behave a certain way. An intention is a plan or a likelihood that someone will behave in a particular way in specific situations — whether or not they actually do so. For example, a person who is thinking about quitting smoking intends or plans to quit, but may or may not actually follow through on that intent. To understand behavioral intent, which is seen as the main determinant of behavior, the TRA looks at a person’s (or population’s) attitudes towards that behavior as well as the subjective norms of influential people and groups that could influence those attitudes. According to the TRA, attitudes and norms are the main influences on intention, which, in turn, is the main motivator of behavior. Attitudes: toward a particular behavior are influenced by a combination of two related factors: ? Beliefs about the outcome of the behavior (i. e. , is the outcome likely or unlikely? ) ? Evaluation of the potential outcome (is the outcome a good thing or a bad thing? ). TRA important aspect of your attitude is whether or not it is positive, negative, or neutral. For example, if you strongly believe that drinking of milk is good, then one could say that you have a positive attitude toward that behavior. If you strongly believe that the behavior will lead to an undesirable outcome, you are likely to have a negative attitude about it. Subjective norms are influenced by our perceptions of the beliefs of those around us parents, friends, colleagues, partners, etc. According to the TRA, we have a sense or belief about whether or not these individuals and groups would approve or disapprove of the behavior. But we also have to factor in how motivated we are to comply with their views. This can vary from one situation to another. Subjective norm is defined as an individual’s perception of whether people important to the individual think the behavior should be performed. The contribution of the opinion of any given referent is weighted by the motivation that an individual has to comply with the wishes of that referent. By focusing on attitudes and norms, TRA provides a framework for identifying and measuring the underlying reasons for a person’s intent to behave a certain way (or not). It is called the Theory of Reasoned Action because of the emphasis on understanding these reasons, not because the beliefs and attitudes themselves are necessarily reasonable or correct. The more we understand about the attitudes and norms that influence intent, the more accurately our interventions can be designed to influence these in a desired direction toward a healthier behavior

Goals of Community Corrections Essay

Identify the goals of Community Corrections and determine if the goals are being met. What would be your team’s recommendation to improve Community Corrections? Today, 3 out of every 4 persons under correctional supervision in the United States are on some form of community-based custody-mostly probation or parole-although community corrections also includes halfway houses, residential centers, work furlough, and all other programs for managing the offender in the community. It is a legal status, an alternative to incarceration, a service-delivery mechanism, and an organizational entity. As an organizational entity, it has objectives and performs a wide range of activities-some totally unrelated to offender supervision and/or treatment. Having been founded more than 150 years ago, community corrections still has an unclear primary mission, with confusion about what activities contribute to that mission and how best to assess their performance. It’s amazing what people will believe and live by simply because â€Å"that’s the way it has always been.† Nobody ever thought to question the standard from which it began. Now, 150 years later, the problem is so magnificent that the mere thought of tackling such an issue exhaust the mind, therefore no one tries. The goals of community corrections that we have come across while researching include punishment, deterrence, incapacitation, and rehabilitation. I have found that this is a general outlook on the goals of community corrections, each corrections institute has their own set of goals for their particular community corrections department. Sharon found that the goals of the Florida department of corrections are: 1) Protect the public, staff and inmates 2) Develop staff committed to professionalism and fiscal responsibility 3) Ensure victims and stakeholders are treated with dignity, sensitivity and respect in making and executing administrative and operational decisions 4) Prepare offenders for re-entry and release into society are to see that offenders obey the law and to help them identify and address their problems. Shelly found that in Louisiana a few goals and priorities of public safety and community corrections are: public safety, of course hence the name, staff and inmate safety, provisions for service, opportunity for change, and the opportunity to make amends. The Louisiana corrections community also held a heart walk in Baton Rouge in March of last year hoping to raise money to help the communities that have been harmed by crimes. This allowed those who have changed or with a desire to change to be able to show their willingness and involvement. They raised over $37,000. I am not sure if the goals of community corrections are being made but it seems as if they are making a darn good effort. Community Corrections is basically the governments formula of keeping track of individuals who are insane or have somehow wronged society. The goal of The Community Corrections claim to be protecting the public, staff, and inmates. What exactly are Community Corrections protecting us from? It seems to me that Community Corrections are more avid in protecting profits, not people. The concept was developed 150 years ago in order to keep track of, punish, or incarcerate (remove) individuals who pose a problem to society. Vanessa personally thinks it is a huge joke and its funny how everyone accepts it. Community Correction’s say, â€Å"A community must take these necessary measures in order to stay viable.† What measures are being taken? That depends on where the individual lives. Even then it is rare to see a community excel or benefit from any of these â€Å"measures† taken. If the government really wanted to correct problems in the community they would start by developing a standard from which to start. This would begin with identifying actual problems and researching the best method to deal with the problems. Only then could they create a unified community corrections facility that actually does what it’s name claims. To improve community corrections :The National Institute of Corrections should 1) take a pro active leadership role in influencing national policies, practices, and operations by developing programs that address areas of emerging interest and concern to corrections executives, practitioners, and public policy makers; 2) Respond to client agencies and staff with relevant and useful assistance to improve their corrections systems. We need to improve offender job training and placement efforts. â€Å"Public safety† and â€Å"restorative justice† are big ideas now making claims on the future of community corrections. Despite their uncertain futures, restorative justice and public safety are already  reshaping community corrections around the country. In order for public safety to serve as a strategic objective for community corrections, answers are needed to some basic questions: What is public safety? Where is it found? What would probation and parole agencies have to do for there to be more of it? In popular discourse, public safety is equated with more arrests, more prisoners, longer sentences, and lower rates of recidivism. These are conventional output measures of the criminal justice  system, but they are poor proxies for public safety. Public safety defined: As an objective for community corrections, public safety is best conceived as  the condition of a place, at times when people in that place are justified in feeling free of threat to their persons and property.[2] As a condition of place and time, public safety is threatened whenever a vulnerable person or unguarded property is in the same place as a potential offender at a time when

The Quality of Leaders Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Quality of Leaders - Assignment Example The other leader who is least admired is the managing director of a local restaurant in the United States. This leader has been in position for about four years in what may generally be referred to as a static restaurant business. Among other things, this latter leader is autocratic, unapproachable, secretive, intemperate and unable to stick to a common plan. The two leaders achieved their levels of power and influence through different means. For example the admired leader rose through the ranks of the sporting club of which he is presently the Chief Executive Director. This is because the company that runs the club has an organizational structure or system that rewards hard work by promoting employees through the ranks of positions. With the type of diligence, hard work and submissiveness that is described by Ancona et al (2007 p. 96), the leader easily won the hearts of the Board of Directors to win promotional status whenever there was vacancy above his rank. As Andreu and Rosanas (2012) opine, leaders are at times able to buy their ways to the top by influencing the judgmental thoughts of the people who are responsible for their endorsement. It has therefore been reported of how the least admired leader managed to influence several people who had voting powers to vote for his promotion to the office in which he currently

Reference Checks Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reference Checks - Assignment Example dit-screens, full-blown background investigations, pre-employment written skills (aptitude) tests, and written personality-profile tests† (Perritt and Perritt, 6). In Europe, there is a more democratic practice of prospective employees themselves providing information â€Å"about themselves† (Perritt and Perritt, 11). In case of any unlawful behavior by employees, this document can be used as the employer to validate his/her innocence in the matter. US multi-national employers often conduct â€Å"written pre-hire tests† to assess whether the candidate has â€Å"the right skill sets or aptitudes† (Perritt and Perritt, 13). But in Europe, this kind of a test is not favored because of the â€Å"cultural and human resources† issues involved (Perritt and Perritt, 13). It is argued in European countries that such a test will evoke comprehension problems, translation issues and cultural confusions in overseas employees (Perritt and Perritt, 13). As the appl icant test responses are usually â€Å"private data†, in Europe, such tests will be against the data privacy laws (Perritt and Perritt, 15). Also, in Europe, there are severe restrictions on firing employees (Perritt and Perritt, 17). This makes the hiring mistakes tougher to rectify (Perritt and Perritt, 17). Even in such a situation, the European companies are known to stay away from intruding background check. There is also the instance of pre-hire drug tests, the approach to which US and European context differ greatly. In US, such tests are prevalent, while in Europe, they are unheard of (Perritt and Perritt, 3). But in Europe, â€Å"interviews with applicants’ past employers† is a tool that companies use to verify the background of their employees (Perritt and Perritt, 4). But in US, such an act may invite defamation litigations and misrepresentation suits for the previous employees and so they never disclose negative information (Perritt and Perritt,

Examination topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Examination topic - Essay Example The idea that informed the process of European integration was to establish institutional framework of shared sovereignty within EU economy. The eventual aim of the integration process is to foster economic integration which will ultimately form a framework for political integration at a later stage. European integration is informed by the regional integration theory whose greatest proponent was Stanley Hoffman (Cini, 2006, p. 19). According to Hoffman, regional integration theory asserts that national governments (which are sovereign) should control the speed and level of integration in the region that they exist in. This is evident in the European Union integration where the national governments are playing active role in controlling the speed and level of European integration. Hoffman argues that this theory requires any amplification of power at â€Å"supranational† be a result of member states’ direct decision. European integration was formed on the basis of region al integration theory which believes that integration which is driven by national governments are based on the economic and political issues that affect individual member states at a given period of time (Wiener and Diez, 2009, p. 33). ... He goes further and states that the existence of control usually allows the member states to make decision on the nature and extent of the cooperation between them without undermining directly their sovereignty. From this definition it can be deduced, therefore, that inter-governmentalism is a concept that treats national governments as primary actors in the process of integration. The proponents of inter-governmentalism see the integration terms and the rules that guide the process, as well as its institutions as a reflection of the relative bargaining power of different national governments who â€Å"pool† its efficiency and effectiveness without abnegating their sovereignty (Sweet and Sandholts, 2007, p. 298). Based on the concept of intergovernmentalism, the European Union has assigned implementation and monitoring of intergovernmental agreements responsibilities to international courts and secretariats as a way of locking each national government into integration commitme nt. This aspect is informed by the logic that through international courts and secretariats, national governments will be made to be the promulgators, initiators, mediators, promoters, and legislators of broadening and deepening of the European integration (Cini, 2006, p. 89). EU laws are divided into three interdependent forms of legislation: primary legislation which are produced through direct negotiations between national governments; secondary legislation which is based on the EU treaties and often take the dimension of decisions, recommendations, directives, or regulations; and the Council of the European Union which is the main body of legislation and

Water Resources Supply and Pollution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Water Resources Supply and Pollution - Assignment Example Topology is the study of the earth’s shape of the surface and features or those of moons, planets, and asteroids, as well as the description of such surface features and shapes. Topology is concerned with local detail in general, including human-made features and vegetation, and even, besides relief, culture and local history. The topography of Hawaii islands does a vast job affecting the weather that synoptic level models are sometimes insignificant. Most of the examples in this paper are taken from the Island of Oahu. This island is the most inhabited of the eight most important islands that consist of Hawaii, and since it houses Honolulu there is extensive date available on it. The Mauka and windward showers hit sections of the islands. This is caused by the pacific High which is the main influence on the climate for 50-80 percent of the year. It fuels the trade winds which fade away moisture off of the ocean as they head towards Hawaii. Wailuku River is the main source of water in Hawaii. Chemical and biological data indicate relatively clean water compared to similar streams in the conterminous United States. Due to the channel gradient, the number and types of benthic organisms are low in Wailuku River. The stream-bed is formed of lava flows from Mauna Loa Volcano, and the stream channel is characterized by a series of waterfalls and plunge pools. Headwaters of the Wailuku River flow intermittently from about 11,000 feet on the east-southwest side. In Hawaii, most of the drinking water comes from rivers and lakes. Water in Hawaii is pumped up from subversive aquifers or harvested from mountain streams. Fresh water is abundant in Hawaii; this is because the convergence winds upon the Islands forested mountains (Case 45). In Hawaii, water refuse has been fundamentally relegated to agricultural irrigation and large industries. The continuing effort

WH1 EFFECTS OF RELIGION IN EUROPE DURING MIDDLE AGES Essay

WH1 EFFECTS OF RELIGION IN EUROPE DURING MIDDLE AGES - Essay Example The church was a very powerful body back then. Before the establishment of Christianity as a strong religion, the Roman emperor had many Christians killed during this period, because they all refused to bow to Roman gods. Emperor Constantine was the emperor who popularized Christianity as a religion, which saw the era of Christian persecution ending. The Romans who previously worshipped other gods began worshiping God and following Christianity ever since. With the Emperor being a Christian, and all other successors following his example, religion was popularized, not only as a religion, but also as a way of life. However, when the Germans conquered the Romans in the 5th Century, the beginning of the Dark Ages, Catholicism began and religion began becoming increasingly strong. The power of the catholic church was great, since catholic was derived from the word ‘Catholic’ which meant universal, thus making Christianity a universal religion accepted by all. The power of the Catholic Church was so great that it charged taxes and had large tracts of church owned lands, and hence it was more than a religion, but rather a symbol of overall power and the equivalent of a government back then. From an economic perspective, the Catholic Church back then imposed taxes on the people and accepted or called for people to donate gifts, if they wanted to secure a place in heaven. The craze of power held by the church also led it to increase in terms of wealth and became a very wealthy institution. The more wealth the Catholic Church accrued, the stronger it became and the more its power extended to other regions. In relation to the social consideration, the church had a strong foundation for socialization, as going to churches on Sundays alone was mandatory, not to mention in the in-week attendances and masses. Latin was the mostly used language and all the religious people, thus had to

Construction Health & Safety Policy at Work Act 1974 Essay - 1

Construction Health & Safety Policy at Work Act 1974 - Essay Example The Act defines the general duties which employers have towards employees, members of the public, employees have to themselves and to each other. In general terms it can be defined as â€Å"It is the responsibility of employer to ensure the health and safety of employees along with welfare at all stages of employment†. The Act with 28 main sections came into force in 1975 with the purpose to bring all the workers of all occupations under the cover of legislation. The revision of the law and new regulations paved way for more comprehensive understanding and implementation of legislation with the passage of time. Mainly most of the legislation in this regard is done through the regulations instead of through parliament. European Six pack The commonly known six pack regulations on health and safety is group of regulations which were introduced in Europe on January 1993.The inspiration to develop such legislation was to harmonize the health and safety law throughout the Europe und er the frame work directive. These regulations put into practice various European directions on health and safety issues and also elucidate how employers must fulfill with their duties under the Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA) 1974. ... The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 6. The Workplace Health, Safety and Welfare Regulations Approved Codes of Practice (AcoPs) The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations and the Workplace Health and Safety and Welfare Regulations mentioned above have Approved Codes of Practice (AcoPs). These have been approved by the Health and Safety Commission and give useful recommendations on what should be done to fulfill the requirement of the law. While employers and others do not have to follow AcoPs needs to prove that their alternative arrangements ensure same or better standards of health and safety. The salient aspects of each regulation are briefly discussed in subse quent paragraphs. 1. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations These regulations contains duties of employers, self employed workers and employees. The rights of trade unions safety representatives are also elucidated in these regulations. The employer duties encompasses on assessment of risk for the safety of workers, arrangements for implementation of health and safety measures, facilitate in compliance of safety measures by effective means, ensure emergency procedures, adequate training/instructions of employees and sharing of work place. The employees’ duties elaborate the use of equipment and substance in accordance with training, reporting of matters and shortcoming in health and safety issues. The trade union safety representative duties mainly focus on consulting the employer on measures for safety and health of workers.

How Can We Get More Out of Work (and Maybe Life) Assignment

How Can We Get More Out of Work (and Maybe Life) - Assignment Example To expound on the discussion of rationality, Brubaker (1984) provided an overview through applications in capitalism and calculability. Capitalism was described as based on the continuous drive to arrive at a maximized or optimized level towards the ultimate goal of profit making. Modern society was noted to be driven by social and economic factors based on rational decision-making processes that ultimately aim to optimize the use of resources and get the most out of life and of work. As asserted, the application of market exchange, monetary calculation and capital accounting exemplify effective use of rationalization in terms of quantifying inputs or factors that assist individuals in making responsible decisions. From one’s perspective, the concept of rationalization aids in current or future employment through access to resources and means that assist in making decisions regarding jobs, or life in general. The fact was corroborated by Ritzer (1993) who emphasized that formal rationality, defined as the technique or approach resorted to by people to search for a most viable course of action, from a set of alternative courses, is premised on regulations, rules or factors that abound in social structures. For instance, in searching for employment, contemporary societies have designed access to sources of jobs through academic institutions, private or public organizations publishing positions open for employment, and employment agencies. All of these institutions set qualifications, requirements for employment, and processes to be followed by prospective job applications. Likewise, the government, through the Department of Labour, has institutionalized laws and regulations that prescribe minimum wages, benefits and other equal employment opportunities to prevent discrimination.

The acquisition of knowledge is often a painful experience and through Essay

The acquisition of knowledge is often a painful experience and through suffering, one can achieve various degrees of wisdom. In - Essay Example † (1.1.51) instead of saying, â€Å"Which of you shall doth loves us most?† shows his first act of foolishness, giving more importance to showing off and displaying yourself in public rather than real love. On the other hand, Morrie Schwartz in Tuesdays with Morrie believes otherwise, saying, in page 127, â€Å"If you're trying to show off for people at the top, forget it. They will look down on you anyhow. And if you're trying to show off for people at the bottom, forget it. They will only envy you. Status will get you nowhere. Only an open heart will allow you to float equally between everyone." With this, it already clearly shows the opposing values and beliefs of the two main characters. While the two daughters cleverly flatter their father to acquire more land in King Lear, Cordelia, in contrast remains honest and refuses to participate in the test of public display of love. Out of rage, Lear disowns Cordelia, saying, â€Å"Here I disclaim all my paternal care/Pro pinquity and property of blood,/And as a stranger to my heart and me/Hold thee, from this, forever.† (1.1.113-116) On the contrary, in Tuesdays with Morrie, Morrie, who is a retired professor dying from Lou Gehrig’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), does not get carried away with his emotions and feelings. Even when he is in great pain, knowing he has a few more months to live, does not give in to the rage and great pain that he must be feeling, but instead, makes the best out of what he has left. In the 10th page of the book, he says, â€Å"Do I wither up and disappear, or do I make the best of my time left?† In King Lear, after the king’s sudden decisions about the division of the land and the banishment of Cordelia, Kent pleads with the king, telling him that he has gone mad in impulsively making those verdicts. Lear remains stubborn, and becomes angry again, saying, â€Å"Come not between the dragon and his wrath.† (1.1.128) and in line 166 shouts, â€Å"Out of my sight!†, banishing Kent. In Tuesdays with Morrie, however, Morrie, handles his emotions differently. On page 21, he explains, â€Å"There are some mornings when I cry and cry and mourn for myself. Some mornings, I’m so angry and bitter. But it doesn’t last too long. Then I get up and say, ‘I want to live . . .’† Later on, in King Lear, after the king banishes Cordelia and Kent, he, once again, becomes angry and through his impetuous anger, curses Goneril, the first daughter. Appealing to Regan, the second daughter, he is rejected by her. Through troubles and rejection made by his early hasty decisions, he finally gains wisdom and realizes the real characters of Goneril and Regan, and in vain, curses and cries out in grief, â€Å"I have full cause of weeping; but this heart/Shall break into a hundred thousand flaws,/Or ere I'll weep. O fool, I shall go mad!† (2.4.311-313) However, in Tuesdays with Morri e, although Morrie also gains more wisdom and understanding about life when he experienced pain and unhappiness in his past, this was not caused by his thoughtless decisions and giving into his emotions. When he learned about his fatal sickness, instead of screaming and crying out loud, instead on page 10, Albom writes, â€Å"Instead, he would make death his final project, the center point of